Body fat and weight are entered into an online optimal performance calculator and are used to calculate the lowest allowable weight (LAW) by using 2 different methods.
#Wrestling mpire 2008 gain weight skin
Body fat is measured by using 1 of 3 methods: skin fold caliper measurement by a trained evaluator, hydrostatic (underwater) weighing, or air displacement plethysmography (commonly performed by using a Bod Pod device). If the urine specific gravity is 1.020 or less, the athlete is considered well hydrated and can weigh in. Before the competition season, athletes submit a urine sample from a witnessed collection for testing. Additionally, the NCAA established a system of setting a minimum weight for competition during the wrestling season by using a calculation that incorporates hydration status (based on urine specific gravity), weight, and body composition. 41 The updated NCAA rules banned the use of diuretics, impermeable suits, and saunas for weight loss and decreased the amount of time between weigh-ins and competition. 40 In response to these deaths, the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) instituted new rules designed to curb the practice of acute weight loss the rules were implemented in 1998 and updated in the 2003–20–2014 rule books. In 1997, over the course of 33 days, 3 college wrestlers died as a result of attempting drastic weight loss before competition. 20, – 24 After 2 to 3 days of dehydration, replacement of intracellular fluids takes 48 hours. Using these tactics over the course of several days can lead to progressive dehydration because many athletes fail to fully rehydrate each day.
19 Examples of dehydration techniques include fluid restriction, spitting, vomiting, steam baths, saunas, using laxatives or diuretics, and wearing nonporous suits to increase sweat production. The term hypohydration refers to the state of suboptimal hydration, and dehydration describes the transition from a well-hydrated to a hypohydrated state. 17, 18 This process, referred to as “weight cutting,” allows competitors to weigh in at the lowest possible weight most athletes subsequently attempt to regain weight by rehydrating between the weigh-in and competition. 4 High school and college wrestlers report high rates of fasting, restricting fluid intake, and engaging in practices that increase sweating for acute weight loss. Up to 67% of athletes involved in weight-class sports, such as wrestling, boxing, and weight-class crew, attempt to lose weight acutely with dehydration techniques.
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